Trust Center

The trust framework behind every transaction.

DUNE is built on six interlocking trust subsystems. Each is independently auditable. Together they form an institutional-grade trust operating system for African real estate. This page documents what each subsystem does, how it works, and how to verify our claims.

The six subsystems

Trust is not a badge. Trust is the architecture.

Most platforms put a checkmark on a listing and call it verified. DUNE issues a graduated tier with audit-evidence behind every transition. Below is the full framework.

SUBSYSTEM 01

DUNE Identity™

NIN · BVN · PASSPORT · LIVENESS · CAC

Identity is the foundation. Every user — buyer, seller, agent, agency — verifies through a graduated tier system (T0 anonymous → T4 enhanced due diligence). Nigerian users verify with NIN and BVN; diaspora users verify with passport plus in-browser liveness. Agency users add CAC verification. Once tiered, the verification persists forever — no re-verification per transaction.

TIERST0 — T4
MEDIAN TIME< 6 min
FRAUD CATCH97%
SUBSYSTEM 02

DUNE Documents™

C of O · GOV. CONSENT · DEED · GAZETTE · SURVEY · ROO

Forensic title pipeline. Every uploaded document runs through five automated checks — OCR with confidence scoring, image tamper detection, MRZ verification on government documents, cross-registry lookup against Lagos State Lands Bureau, and expiry validation. Edge cases route to a Verification Officer with case management and conflict-of-interest checks. D3 "Legal Reviewed" requires O.J | Richards review.

TIERSD0 — D4
SLA4–12 hr
CHECKS5 automated
SUBSYSTEM 03

DUNE Escrow™

ZENITH BANK · DUAL-CONTROL · NDIC · PWC

Buyer funds held in Zenith Bank Trust Account NGN-7842. CBN-licensed Tier 1 Nigerian bank. NDIC insured. PwC-audited reconciliation daily. Dual-operator release approval required for every transaction at or above ₦5M — two distinct DUNE operators, distinct authenticated sessions, hardware key required. This is not crypto-escrow theater. This is institutional banking infrastructure with regulatory accountability.

BANKZenith Plc
DUAL-CONTROL≥ ₦5M
AUDITPwC
SUBSYSTEM 04

DUNE Trust Score™

0–1000 SCORE · 5 TIERS · DRIVES PLACEMENT

Every agent and lister has a 0–1000 score across five tiers: Restricted (0–399), Standard (400–699), Trusted (700–849), Elite (850–927), Diamond (928+). Score drives listing placement, escrow fee rebates (0.05% → 0.15%), and access to Diamond-tier features. Inputs include closed transactions, document quality, dispute history, response time, and compliance signals. Diamond requires manual confirmation by Compliance Lead — algorithmic score is gating but not sufficient.

MAX SCORE1,000
TIERS5
DIAMOND928+
SUBSYSTEM 05

DUNE Forensics™

FRAUD DETECTION · MULTI-SIGNAL ANALYSIS

Behind the listing-level checks runs a continuous fraud detection layer that monitors patterns across the platform. Duplicate property detection (image pHash uniqueness, address normalization), price-outlier detection (DUNE Estimate comparison), agent-cluster analysis (same WhatsApp number across many listings), reverse-image search against known scam databases. Flagged listings route to the Fraud Reviewer queue before going live.

SIGNALS14 checks
RESPONSE< 4 hr
SUBSYSTEM 06

Evidence Vault & Audit Log

HASH-CHAINED · TAMPER-EVIDENT · IMMUTABLE

Every state transition — identity verification, document upload, escrow funding, release, dispute opening, dispute resolution — writes to a hash-chained append-only audit log. Each entry includes the previous entry's hash, making the entire log tamper-evident. The Evidence Vault stores transaction documents, inspection reports, signed agreements, and bank reconciliation records with retention aligned to CBN and NDPR requirements. External auditor (PwC) verifies the chain quarterly.

VERIFICATIONQuarterly
RETENTION5+ years
DUNE Trust Score™

A 0–1000 score that compounds with every clean transaction.

Trust Score is the most-visible signal on the platform. Agents see their score daily. Buyers see agent scores on every listing. Score drives placement, rebates, and access. Below is the full tier system and what each tier unlocks.

Restricted
Limited access
Cannot list new properties. Existing listings flagged for review.
0 — 399
Standard
Default tier
Standard placement. 0.4% escrow fee. Up to 5 active listings.
400 — 699
Trusted
Elevated placement
Higher search ranking. 0.35% effective escrow (5bp rebate). Up to 20 listings.
700 — 849
Elite
Top-tier placement
Premium placement. 0.30% effective escrow (10bp rebate). Unlimited listings. Featured Boost discount.
850 — 927
Diamond
Concierge tier
Featured everywhere. 0.25% effective escrow (15bp rebate). 30% off Featured Boost. Diamond-only inquiries.
928 — 1000

What feeds the score.

Transaction history. Closed transactions, transaction value, recency, repeat-buyer rate.

Document quality. Average forensic score, D-tier achievement rate, time to D2+.

Dispute history. Disputes opened against the agent, resolution outcome.

Engagement quality. Listing response time, inquiry-to-viewing conversion rate.

Compliance signals. Fraud flags, takedowns, conflict-of-interest triggers.

Score never changes due to a single missed-action signal. Minimum two corroborating signals required for any decrease. Score increases are conservative; decreases are reviewed by Compliance Lead.

The badge system

What every badge actually means.

Each badge on a listing represents a discrete verification event with a documented criteria. None are decorative. Hover, click, or tap any badge in the live product to see the underlying evidence.

DUNE Verified

Listing is real, lister is verified.

The lister has completed at least T2 identity verification. The listing has passed the duplicate-detection and price-sanity checks. Minimum bar for any listing on DUNE.

Documents Verified

Title documents passed forensic checks.

D1 tier: all 5 automated checks passed. D2 tier: also cross-registry confirmed against Lagos State Lands Bureau records.

Legal Reviewed

O.J | Richards® + Co reviewed the title.

D3 tier. Title transferred to the lister cleanly, no encumbrances detected, registry confirmation included. Recommended for transactions ≥ ₦50M.

Escrow Protected

This listing accepts DUNE Escrow.

Funds for this property route to Zenith Bank trust account, not the lister directly. Released only after inspection passed and title transferred.

Trust Score Elite+

Agent is Elite tier or above.

Agent has 850+ Trust Score — closed multiple transactions cleanly, fast response time, low dispute history. Top 12% of agents on the platform.

VERIFIEDD3

Verification seal · high-value transactions.

Circular seal issued for transactions ≥ ₦50M with combined D3 documents and T3+ buyer/seller identity. The most-verified state a transaction can reach.

Regulatory & compliance posture

Built to be audited from day one.

DUNE is not a fintech-bank — we don't hold deposits, don't lend, don't issue cards. We are a software platform that orchestrates a regulated bank for fund custody and a licensed law firm for title work. That position is deliberate and informs every compliance decision below.

DATA PROTECTION
NDPR-compliant from day one

Registered Data Controller. Data Protection Officer appointed. Explicit consent capture for every data subject. Right-to-access, right-to-correct, right-to-delete honored within 30 days subject to retention obligations.

BANKING REGULATION
CBN open-banking aligned

Operating model reviewed against CBN open-banking framework. PSP-Lite licensing path scoped with regulatory counsel. Zenith Bank Plc serves as banking partner of record; DUNE does not custody funds independently.

ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING
AML monitoring built-in

Source-of-funds declarations at T3 verification. Enhanced due diligence at T4. Automated transaction monitoring against AML risk signals. SAR-ready reporting workflows. Diaspora flows include Form A documentation.

INFORMATION SECURITY
ISO 27001-aligned

Control framework mapped to ISO 27001 and NIST 800-53. ISO 27001 certification targeted for Year 2. PII encrypted at rest and in transit. Hardware security keys for production access. Daily encrypted backups to separate region.

FINANCIAL AUDIT
PwC audit annually

Zenith Bank Trust Account NGN-7842 reconciled daily. PwC performs annual audit of trust account balances, reconciliation discipline, and dual-control release records. Hash-chained audit log enables external attestation of every transaction.

LAND REGISTRY
Lagos Lands Bureau integration

Cross-registry verification against the Lagos State Lands Bureau records. Integration scoped with the Bureau; commercial agreement in negotiation. Same architecture extensible to Abuja FCT, Kano, Rivers, and other state registries.

Reporting fraud & opening disputes

If you suspect a listing, you have a path. If you opened a transaction, you have an officer.

Every listing has a "Report fraud" link. Every transaction has a "Open dispute" path. Both route to humans, not a chatbot, and both have published response SLAs.

Report fraud

Suspect a listing? Tell us.

Fake photos. Wrong price. Duplicate listing. Pressure to wire funds off-platform. Report it and the Fraud Reviewer queue picks it up within 4 hours. If confirmed, the listing comes down and the lister's Trust Score drops.

RESPONSE < 4 HOURS · TAKEDOWN IF CONFIRMED

Open a dispute

In a transaction that's gone wrong? Open a dispute.

Filing a dispute freezes escrow immediately. An independent Dispute Officer — structurally separated from the escrow team — acknowledges within 24 hours, gathers evidence from both sides, and resolves within 5 business days. Refund, partial release, or proceed.

ACK < 24 HOURS · RESOLVE < 5 DAYS